Friday, November 19, 2004

Ya'akov's Altar

Ya'akov had an amazing dream that awed and inspired him. He recognized God's presence in the place where he was sleeping. Clearly, this was a moment of spiritual inspiriation. So what did Ya'akov do? He went back to sleep and then woke up early the next morning to build an altar. Why did he go to sleep? Why didn't he immediately dedicate the place to God by building the altar? He surely could have lit a fire, and even without a fire he could have simply taken the rock on which he slept and dedicated it as an altar to God.

The Meshekh Hokhmah (Bereishis 28:18) explains that building the Temple or any of its parts is prohibited at night. Since one may only build it in the daytime, Ya'akov had to wait until morning before engaging in his plans.

The Panim Yafos (ad loc.) suggests in a slightly different way that offering a sacrifice is forbidden at night so Ya'akov had to wait for the day.

These are clever lomdishe answers but are problematic simply because this altar (assuming not like the Ramban, who says that it was not an altar) did not have the status of the Temple nor did its sacrifices have the status of Temple sacrifices. Furthermore, as the Rinas Yitzhak (ad loc.) points out, it is a dispute between the Rambam and Ramban in the Sefer Ha-Mitzvos whether the rules of building the Temple apply only to the walls or also to the utensils. According to the Rambam (aseh 20), the utensils of the Temple are included in the mitzvah to build the Temple. But according to the Ramban (aseh 33), they are not. Therefore, according to the Ramban, the rules regarding the building of the Temple do not necessarily apply to the altar. Furthermore, the Arukh La-Ner (Sukkah 41a) explains that, even according to the Rambam, the rules of building the Temple only during the day apply only to the walls of the Temple.

So why didn't Ya'akov dedicate the altar at night? Why did he wait for early morning to build it? Give your answers in the comments section.


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